0102030405
Maslinic Acid Powder CAS 4373-41-5
Maslinic Acid: Characteristics and Biological Activities
Chemical Structure and Physicochemical Properties
Chemical Structure: Hawthorn acid is a pentacyclic triterpenoid compound with the following structural characteristics:
Core: 12-ene-oleanane backbone
Substituents:
● Hydroxyl groups at positions 2α and 3β (enhancing hydrophilicity)
● Carboxyl group at position 28 (providing acidic characteristics)
Solubility:
● Slightly soluble in neutral water (0.3 mg/mL, ethanol:buffer solution = 1:1, pH 7.2)
● Easily soluble in methanol, DMSO, and other organic solvents
Stability:
● Can be stored at -4°C for short periods (1-2 weeks)
● Long-term stability can be maintained at -20°C
Multitarget Biological Activities
Metabolic Regulation:
● Activates the AMPK pathway, enhancing glucose uptake by 30%-40%
● Inhibits α-amylase activity (IC50 = 8.2 μM)
Antioxidant Network:
Scavenges hydroxyl radicals (•OH) with an efficiency of over 90%
Activates the Nrf2/ARE pathway, upregulating the expression of SOD and CAT
Antibacterial Effects:
Against Staphylococcus aureus (MIC = 64 μg/mL)
Disrupts bacterial biofilm matrix
Maslinic Acid: Multifaceted Biological Activities and Health Benefits
Antioxidant Defense System
Free Radical Scavenging Ability:
● DPPH radical scavenging rate > 95% (IC50 = 2.1 μM)
● ABTS radical scavenging efficiency is 3-5 times greater than that of Vitamin E
Cellular Protection Mechanism:
● Upregulates the Nrf2 pathway, enhancing superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity by 40%-60%
● Reduces mitochondrial ROS leakage, protecting against DNA oxidative damage
● Cardiovascular and Metabolic Regulation
Blood Lipid Optimization:
● Reduces plasma LDL-C and triglycerides by 25%-35%
● Inhibits HMG-CoA reductase, reducing cholesterol synthesis by more than 50%
Blood Glucose Control:
● Enhances GLUT4 transporter membrane localization, increasing glucose uptake by muscles
● Improves HOMA-IR index (clinical trials show a reduction of 1.8-2.2 points)
Organ Protection Effects
Liver Protection:
● Reduces ALT/AST levels in alcoholic liver injury models (reduction of 40%-50%)
● Inhibits excessive activation of CYP2E1, reducing the production of toxic metabolites
Anti-inflammatory Network:
● Blocks NF-κB nuclear translocation, reducing secretion of TNF-α and IL-6 (inhibition rate > 70%)
● Decreases neutrophil infiltration (animal models show a 60% reduction in inflammation area)
Maslinic Acid: Industrial Applications
Innovative Applications in the Food Industry
Functional Properties:
● Natural Acidulant: pH adjustment range 3.5-4.5, used as a substitute for citric acid in low-sugar jams (addition rate 0.05%-0.1%)
● Antioxidant Preservation: Inhibits browning in fruit juices (reduces vitamin C loss by 40%), extending shelf life by 30%-50%
● Flavor Enhancement: Synergistically enhances the color stability of berry-based beverages with anthocyanins
Emerging Products:
● Functional sparkling water (combined with sweeteners)
● Low-GI baked goods (inhibits amylase activity)
Health Product Development
Human Health Products:
● Fat Reduction Combination: Hawthorn acid (100mg) + red yeast rice (containing monacolin K) in capsule form
● Digestive Support: Hawthorn enzyme drink (fermentation process enhances bioavailability)
Animal Nutrition:
● Poultry feed additive (reduces abdominal fat by 15%-20%)
● Aquaculture immune booster (increases lysozyme activity)
Cosmetic Efficacy Applications
Anti-aging Mechanism:
● Inhibits elastase (IC50 = 8.7 μM), reducing wrinkle depth by 25%-35%
● Activates the SIRT1 pathway, prolonging skin cell lifespan
